The University of Queensland

The nonstructural proteins of dengue virus

Chappell, Keith J. and Young, Paul R. (2014). The nonstructural proteins of dengue virus. Dengue and Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever: Second Edition. (pp. 377-405) edited by D. J. Gubler, Eng Eong Ooi, Subhash Vasudevan and Jeremy Farrar. Oxfordshire, United Kingdom: CABI International. doi: 10.1079/9781845939649.0377

The role of N-glycosylation in spike antigenicity for the SARS-CoV-2 gamma variant

Pegg, Cassandra L., Modhiran, Naphak, Parry, Rhys H., Liang, Benjamin, Amarilla, Alberto A., Khromykh, Alexander A., Burr, Lucy, Young, Paul R., Chappell, Keith, Schulz, Benjamin L. and Watterson, Daniel (2023). The role of N-glycosylation in spike antigenicity for the SARS-CoV-2 gamma variant. Glycobiology cwad097, 1-13. doi: 10.1093/glycob/cwad097

Long-term safety and immunogenicity of an MF59-adjuvanted spike glycoprotein-clamp vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 in adults aged 18–55 years or ≥56 years: 12-month results from a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1 trial

Chappell, Keith J., Mordant, Francesca L., Amarilla, Alberto A., Modhiran, Naphak, Liang, Benjamin, Li, Zheyi, Wijesundara, Danushka K., Lackenby, Julia A., Griffin, Paul, Bennet, Jillian K., Hensen, Luca, Zhang, Wuji, Nguyen, Thi H.O., Tran, Mai H., Tapley, Peter, Barnes, James, Reading, Patrick C., Kedzierska, Katherine, Ranasinghe, Charani, Subbarao, Kanta, Watterson, Daniel, Young, Paul R. and Munro, Trent P. (2023). Long-term safety and immunogenicity of an MF59-adjuvanted spike glycoprotein-clamp vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 in adults aged 18–55 years or ≥56 years: 12-month results from a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1 trial. eBioMedicine, 97 104842, 104842. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104842

A nanobody recognizes a unique conserved epitope and potently neutralizes against the SARS-CoV-2 omicron variants

Modhiran, Naphak, Lauer, Simon Malte, Amarilla, Alberto A., Hewins, Peter, Lopes van den Broek, Sara Irene, Low, Yu Shang, Thakur, Nazia, Liang, Benjamin, Nieto, Guillermo Valenzuela, Jung, James, Paramitha, Devina, Isaacs, Ariel, Sng, Julian D. J., Song, David, Jørgensen, Jesper Tranekjær, Cheuquemilla, Yorka, Bürger, Jörg, Andersen, Ida Vang, Himelreichs, Johanna, Jara, Ronald, MacLoughlin, Ronan, Miranda-Chacon, Zaray, Chana-Cuevas, Pedro, Kramer, Vasko, Spahn, Christian M. T., Mielke, Thorsten, Khromykh, Alexander A., Munro, Trent, Jones, Martina L. ... Watterson, Daniel (2023). A nanobody recognizes a unique conserved epitope and potently neutralizes against the SARS-CoV-2 omicron variants. iScience, 26 (7) 107085, 107085. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107085

Integrated molecular and immunological features of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 infection and disease progression to adult T-cell leukaemia or lymphoma

O'Donnell, Jake S., Hunt, Stewart K. and Chappell, Keith J. (2023). Integrated molecular and immunological features of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 infection and disease progression to adult T-cell leukaemia or lymphoma. The Lancet Haematology, 10 (7), e539-e548. doi: 10.1016/S2352-3026(23)00087-X

Structure and antigenicity of divergent Henipavirus fusion glycoproteins

Isaacs, Ariel, Low, Yu Shang, Macauslane, Kyle L., Seitanidou, Joy, Pegg, Cassandra L., Cheung, Stacey T. M., Liang, Benjamin, Scott, Connor A. P., Landsberg, Michael J., Schulz, Benjamin L., Chappell, Keith J., Modhiran, Naphak and Watterson, Daniel (2023). Structure and antigenicity of divergent Henipavirus fusion glycoproteins. Nature Communications, 14 (1) 3577, 1-10. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-39278-8

Erratum: Geographic patterns of koala retrovirus genetic diversity, endogenization, and subtype distributions (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (2022) 119 (e2122680119) DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2122680119)

Blyton, Michaela D. J., Young, Paul R., Moore, Ben D. and Chappell, Keith J. (2023). Erratum: Geographic patterns of koala retrovirus genetic diversity, endogenization, and subtype distributions (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (2022) 119 (e2122680119) DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2122680119). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 120 (1) e2220541120. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2220541120

SARS-CoV-2 drives NLRP3 inflammasome activation in human microglia through spike protein

Albornoz, Eduardo A., Amarilla, Alberto A., Modhiran, Naphak, Parker, Sandra, Li, Xaria X., Wijesundara, Danushka K., Aguado, Julio, Zamora, Adriana Pliego, McMillan, Christopher L. D., Liang, Benjamin, Peng, Nias Y. G., Sng, Julian D. J., Saima, Fatema Tuj, Fung, Jenny N., Lee, John D., Paramitha, Devina, Parry, Rhys, Avumegah, Michael S., Isaacs, Ariel, Lo, Martin W., Miranda-Chacon, Zaray, Bradshaw, Daniella, Salinas-Rebolledo, Constanza, Rajapakse, Niwanthi W., Wolvetang, Ernst J., Munro, Trent P., Rojas-Fernandez, Alejandro, Young, Paul R., Stacey, Katryn J. ... Woodruff, Trent M. (2023). SARS-CoV-2 drives NLRP3 inflammasome activation in human microglia through spike protein. Molecular Psychiatry, 28 (7), 2878-2893. doi: 10.1038/s41380-022-01831-0

Diversity and transmission of koala retrovirus: a case study in three captive koala populations

Joyce, Briony A., Blyton, Michaela D. J., Johnston, Stephen D., Meikle, William D., Vinette Herrin, Kimberly, Madden, Claire, Young, Paul R. and Chappell, Keith J. (2022). Diversity and transmission of koala retrovirus: a case study in three captive koala populations. Scientific Reports, 12 (1) 15787, 1-8. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-18939-6

Characterization and comparison of novel adjuvants for a prefusion clamped MERS vaccine

O’Donnell, Jake S., Isaacs, Ariel, Jakob, Virginie, Lebas, Celia, Barnes, James B., Reading, Patrick C., Young, Paul R., Watterson, Daniel, Dubois, Patrice M., Collin, Nicolas and Chappell, Keith J. (2022). Characterization and comparison of novel adjuvants for a prefusion clamped MERS vaccine. Frontiers in Immunology, 13 976968, 976968. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.976968

A platform technology for generating subunit vaccines against diverse viral pathogens

Young, Andrew, Isaacs, Ariel, Scott, Connor A. P., Modhiran, Naphak, McMillan, Christopher L. D., Cheung, Stacey T. M., Barr, Jennifer, Marsh, Glenn, Thakur, Nazia, Bailey, Dalan, Li, Kenneth S. M., Luk, Hayes K. H., Kok, Kin-Hang, Lau, Susanna K. P., Woo, Patrick C. Y., Furuyama, Wakako, Marzi, Andrea, Young, Paul R., Chappell, Keith J. and Watterson, Daniel (2022). A platform technology for generating subunit vaccines against diverse viral pathogens. Frontiers in Immunology, 13 963023, 1-16. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.963023

Editorial: Emerging and re-emerging viral zoonoses

Kumar, Naveen, Uversky, Vladimir N., Tomar, Shailly, Li, Kenneth S. M., Chappell, Keith and Lau, Susanna K. P. (2022). Editorial: Emerging and re-emerging viral zoonoses. Frontiers in Microbiology, 13 978259, 978259. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.978259

Geographic patterns of koala retrovirus genetic diversity, endogenization, and subtype distributions

Blyton, Michaela D. J., Young, Paul R., Moore, Ben D. and Chappell, Keith J. (2022). Geographic patterns of koala retrovirus genetic diversity, endogenization, and subtype distributions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 119 (33) e2122680119, 1-11. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2122680119

Nucleocapsid specific diagnostics for the detection of divergent SARS-CoV-2 variants

Isaacs, Ariel, Amarilla, Alberto A., Aguado, Julio, Modhiran, Naphak, Albornoz, Eduardo A., Baradar, Alireza A., McMillan, Christopher L. D., Choo, Jovin J. Y., Idris, Adi, Supramaniam, Aroon, McMillan, Nigel A. J., Muller, David A., Young, Paul R., Woodruff, Trent M., Wolvetang, Ernst J., Chappell, Keith J. and Watterson, Daniel (2022). Nucleocapsid specific diagnostics for the detection of divergent SARS-CoV-2 variants. Frontiers in Immunology, 13 926262, 926262. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.926262

Koala retrovirus load and non-A subtypes are associated with secondary disease among wild northern koalas

Blyton, Michaela D. J., Pyne, Michael, Young, Paul and Chappell, Keith (2022). Koala retrovirus load and non-A subtypes are associated with secondary disease among wild northern koalas. PLoS Pathogens, 18 (5) e1010513, 1-20. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010513

Peptide-based vaccine against SARS-CoV-2: peptide antigen discovery and screening of adjuvant systems

Shalash, Ahmed O., Azuar, Armira, Madge, Harrison Y. R., Modhiran, Naphak, Amarilla, Alberto A., Liang, Benjamin, Khromykh, Alexander A., Hussein, Waleed M., Chappell, Keith J., Watterson, Daniel, Young, Paul R., Skwarczynski, Mariusz and Toth, Istvan (2022). Peptide-based vaccine against SARS-CoV-2: peptide antigen discovery and screening of adjuvant systems. Pharmaceutics, 14 (4) 856, 856. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14040856

Author Correction: Development of molecular clamp stabilized hemagglutinin vaccines for Influenza A viruses

McMillan, Christopher L. D., Cheung, Stacey T. M., Modhiran, Naphak, Barnes, James, Amarilla, Alberto A., Bielefeldt-Ohmann, Helle, Lee, Leo Yi Yang, Guilfoyle, Kate, van Amerongen, Geert, Stittelaar, Koert, Jakob, Virginie, Lebas, Celia, Reading, Patrick, Short, Kirsty R., Young, Paul R., Watterson, Daniel and Chappell, Keith J. (2022). Author Correction: Development of molecular clamp stabilized hemagglutinin vaccines for Influenza A viruses. npj Vaccines, 7 (1) 3, 3. doi: 10.1038/s41541-021-00428-y

Retroviral integrations contribute to elevated host cancer rates during germline invasion

McEwen, Gayle K., Alquezar-Planas, David E., Dayaram, Anisha, Gillett, Amber, Tarlinton, Rachael, Mongan, Nigel, Chappell, Keith J., Henning, Joerg, Tan, Milton, Timms, Peter, Young, Paul R., Roca, Alfred L. and Greenwood, Alex D. (2021). Retroviral integrations contribute to elevated host cancer rates during germline invasion. Nature Communications, 12 (1) 1316, 1-13. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-21612-7

Systems serology detects functionally distinct coronavirus antibody features in children and elderly

Selva, Kevin J., van de Sandt, Carolien E., Lemke, Melissa M., Lee, Christina Y., Shoffner, Suzanne K., Chua, Brendon Y., Davis, Samantha K., Nguyen, Thi H. O., Rowntree, Louise C., Hensen, Luca, Koutsakos, Marios, Wong, Chinn Yi, Mordant, Francesca, Jackson, David C., Flanagan, Katie L., Crowe, Jane, Tosif, Shidan, Neeland, Melanie R., Sutton, Philip, Licciardi, Paul V., Crawford, Nigel W., Cheng, Allen C., Doolan, Denise L., Amanat, Fatima, Krammer, Florian, Chappell, Keith, Modhiran, Naphak, Watterson, Daniel, Young, Paul ... Chung, Amy W. (2021). Systems serology detects functionally distinct coronavirus antibody features in children and elderly. Nature Communications, 12 (1) 2037, 2037. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-22236-7

Development of molecular clamp stabilized hemagglutinin vaccines for Influenza A viruses

McMillan, Christopher L. D., Cheung, Stacey T. M., Modhiran, Naphak, Barnes, James, Amarilla, Alberto A., Bielefeldt-Ohmann, Helle, Lee, Leo Yi Yang, Guilfoyle, Kate, van Amerongen, Geert, Stittelaar, Koert, Jakob, Virginie, Lebas, Celia, Reading, Patrick, Short, Kirsty R., Young, Paul R., Watterson, Daniel and Chappell, Keith J. (2021). Development of molecular clamp stabilized hemagglutinin vaccines for Influenza A viruses. npj Vaccines, 6 (1) 135, 135. doi: 10.1038/s41541-021-00395-4

Safety and immunogenicity of an MF59-adjuvanted spike glycoprotein-clamp vaccine for SARS-CoV-2: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1 trial

Chappell, Keith J., Mordant, Francesca L., Li, Zheyi, Wijesundara, Danushka K., Ellenberg, Paula, Lackenby, Julia A., Cheung, Stacey T. M., Modhiran, Naphak, Avumegah, Michael S., Henderson, Christina L., Hoger, Kym, Griffin, Paul, Bennet, Jillian, Hensen, Luca, Zhang, Wuji, Nguyen, Thi H. O., Marrero-Hernandez, Sara, Selva, Kevin J., Chung, Amy W., Tran, Mai H., Tapley, Peter, Barnes, James, Reading, Patrick C., Nicholson, Suellen, Corby, Stavroula, Holgate, Thomas, Wines, Bruce D., Hogarth, P Mark, Kedzierska, Katherine ... Munro, Trent P. (2021). Safety and immunogenicity of an MF59-adjuvanted spike glycoprotein-clamp vaccine for SARS-CoV-2: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1 trial. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 21 (10), 1383-1394. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00200-0

Combinatorial F-G Immunogens as Nipah and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine Candidates

Isaacs, Ariel, Cheung, Stacey T. M., Thakur, Nazia, Jaberolansar, Noushin, Young, Andrew, Modhiran, Naphak, Bailey, Dalan, Graham, Simon P., Young, Paul R., Chappell, Keith J. and Watterson, Daniel (2021). Combinatorial F-G Immunogens as Nipah and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine Candidates. Viruses, 13 (10) 1942. doi: 10.3390/v13101942

Cord‐blood respiratory syncytial virus antibodies and respiratory health in first 5‐years of life

Takashima, Mari D., Grimwood, Keith, Sly, Peter D., Lambert, Stephen B., Chappell, Keith J., Watterson, Daniel, Young, Paul, Kusel, Merci, Holt, Barbara, Holt, Patrick and Ware, Robert S. (2021). Cord‐blood respiratory syncytial virus antibodies and respiratory health in first 5‐years of life. Pediatric Pulmonology, 56 (12), 3942-3951. doi: 10.1002/ppul.25688

Koala retrovirus genetic diversity and transmission dynamics within captive koala populations

Joyce, Briony A., Blyton, Michaela D. J., Johnston, Stephen D., Young, Paul R. and Chappell, Keith J. (2021). Koala retrovirus genetic diversity and transmission dynamics within captive koala populations. National Academy of Sciences. Proceedings, 118 (38) e2024021118, e2024021118. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2024021118

Implications of dengue virus maturation on vaccine induced humoral immunity in mice

Scott, Connor A. P., Amarilla, Alberto A., Bibby, Summa, Newton, Natalee D., Hall, Roy A., Hobson-Peters, Jody, Muller, David A., Chappell, Keith J., Young, Paul R., Modhiran, Naphak and Watterson, Daniel (2021). Implications of dengue virus maturation on vaccine induced humoral immunity in mice. Viruses, 13 (9) 1843, 1843. doi: 10.3390/v13091843

Chronic SARS-CoV-2, a cause of post-acute COVID-19 sequelae (Long-COVID)?

O’Donnell, Jake S. and Chappell, Keith J. (2021). Chronic SARS-CoV-2, a cause of post-acute COVID-19 sequelae (Long-COVID)?. Frontiers in Microbiology, 12 724654, 1-4. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.724654

Preclinical development of a molecular clamp-stabilised subunit vaccine for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2

Watterson, Daniel, Wijesundara, Danushka K., Modhiran, Naphak, Mordant, Francesca L., Li, Zheyi, Avumegah, Michael S., McMillan, Christopher L. D., Lackenby, Julia, Guilfoyle, Kate, van Amerongen, Geert, Stittelaar, Koert, Cheung, Stacey T. M., Bibby, Summa, Daleris, Mallory, Hoger, Kym, Gillard, Marianne, Radunz, Eve, Jones, Martina L., Hughes, Karen, Hughes, Ben, Goh, Justin, Edwards, David, Scoble, Judith, Pearce, Lesley, Kowalczyk, Lukasz, Phan, Tram, La, Mylinh, Lu, Louis, Pham, Tam ... Chappell, Keith J. (2021). Preclinical development of a molecular clamp-stabilised subunit vaccine for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Clinical & Translational Immunology, 10 (4) e1269, e1269. doi: 10.1002/cti2.1269

Epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus in a community birth cohort of infants in the first 2 years of life

Takashima, Mari D., Grimwood, Keith, Sly, Peter D., Lambert, Stephen B., Chappell, Keith J., Watterson, Daniel and Ware, Robert S. (2021). Epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus in a community birth cohort of infants in the first 2 years of life. European Journal of Pediatrics, 180 (7), 2125-2135. doi: 10.1007/s00431-021-03998-0

An optimized high-throughput immuno-plaque assay for SARS-CoV-2

Amarilla, Alberto A., Modhiran, Naphak, Setoh, Yin Xiang, Peng, Nias Y. G., Sng, Julian D. J., Liang, Benjamin, McMillan, Christopher L. D., Freney, Morgan E, Cheung, Stacey T. M., Chappell, Keith J., Khromykh, Alexander A., Young, Paul R. and Watterson, Daniel (2021). An optimized high-throughput immuno-plaque assay for SARS-CoV-2. Frontiers in Microbiology, 12 625136, 625136. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.625136

Adjuvant selection for influenza and RSV prefusion subunit vaccines

Isaacs, Ariel, Li, Zheyi, Cheung, Stacey T. M., Wijesundara, Danushka K., McMillan, Christopher L. D., Modhiran, Naphak, Young, Paul R., Ranasinghe, Charani, Watterson, Daniel and Chappell, Keith J. (2021). Adjuvant selection for influenza and RSV prefusion subunit vaccines. Vaccines, 9 (2) 71, 1-14. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9020071

A broadly protective antibody that targets the flavivirus NS1 protein

Modhiran, Naphak, Song, Hao, Liu, Lidong, Bletchly, Cheryl, Brillault, Lou, Amarilla, Alberto A., Xu, Xiaoying, Qi, Jianxun, Chai, Yan, Cheung, Stacey T. M., Traves, Renee, Setoh, Yin Xiang, Bibby, Summa, Scott, Connor A. P., Freney, Morgan E., Newton, Natalee D., Khromykh, Alexander A., Chappell, Keith J., Muller, David A., Stacey, Katryn J., Landsberg, Michael J., Shi, Yi, Gao, George F., Young, Paul R. and Watterson, Daniel (2021). A broadly protective antibody that targets the flavivirus NS1 protein. Science, 371 (6525), 190-194. doi: 10.1126/science.abb9425

First report of a phase 1 randomised trial of molecular clamp-stabilised spike protein-based and MF59-adjuvanted vaccine for SARS-CoV-2

Chappell, Keith Joseph, Mordant, Francesca L., Li, Zheyi, Wijesundara, Danushka K., Ellenberg, Paula, Lackenby, Julia, Cheung, Stacey, Modhiran, Naphak, Avumegah, Michael S., Henderson, Christina L., Hoger, Kym, Bennet, Jillian, Hensen, Luca, Nguyen, Thi H. O., Marrero-Hernandez, Sara, Selva, Kevin J., AW, Chung, Tran, Mai H., Tapley, Peter, Reading, Patrick, Nicholson, Suellen, Corby, Stavroula, Holgate, Thomas, Wines, Bruce D., Hogarth, P. Mark, Kedzierska, Katherine, Purcell, Damian, Ranasinghe, Charani, Subbarao, Kanta ... Munro, Trent P. (2021). First report of a phase 1 randomised trial of molecular clamp-stabilised spike protein-based and MF59-adjuvanted vaccine for SARS-CoV-2. SSRN Electronic Journal. doi: 10.2139/ssrn.3769210

The next generation of influenza vaccines: towards a universal solution

McMillan, Christopher L. D., Young, Paul R., Watterson, Daniel and Chappell, Keith J. (2021). The next generation of influenza vaccines: towards a universal solution. Vaccines, 9 (1) 26, 1-20. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9010026

Rapid response subunit vaccine design in the absence of structural information

Wijesundara, Danushka K., Avumegah, Michael S., Lackenby, Julia, Modhiran, Naphak, Isaacs, Ariel, Young, Paul R., Watterson, Daniel and Chappell, Keith J. (2020). Rapid response subunit vaccine design in the absence of structural information. Frontiers in Immunology, 11 592370, 592370. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.592370

Micro-fusion inhibition tests: quantifying antibody neutralization of virus-mediated cell–cell fusion

Thakur, Nazia, Conceicao, Carina, Isaacs, Ariel, Human, Stacey, Modhiran, Naphak, McLean, Rebecca K., Pedrera, Miriam, Tan, Tiong Kit, Rijal, Pramila, Townsend, Alain, Taylor, Geraldine, Young, Paul R., Watterson, Daniel, Chappell, Keith J., Graham, Simon P. and Bailey, Dalan (2020). Micro-fusion inhibition tests: quantifying antibody neutralization of virus-mediated cell–cell fusion. Journal of General Virology, 102 (1) 001506. doi: 10.1099/jgv.0.001506

Bacterial colonization dynamics associated with respiratory syncytial virus during early childhood

Brealey, Jaelle C., Young, Paul R., Sloots, Theo P., Ware, Robert S., Lambert, Stephen B., Sly, Peter D., Grimwood, Keith and Chappell, Keith J. (2020). Bacterial colonization dynamics associated with respiratory syncytial virus during early childhood. Pediatric Pulmonology, 55 (5) ppul.24715, 1237-1245. doi: 10.1002/ppul.24715

Bovine herpesvirus-4-vectored delivery of nipah virus glycoproteins enhances T cell immunogenicity in pigs

Pedrera, Miriam, Macchi, Francesca, McLean, Rebecca K., Franceschi, Valentina, Thakur, Nazia, Russo, Luca, Medfai, Lobna, Todd, Shawn, Tchilian, Elma Z., Audonnet, Jean-Christophe, Chappell, Keith, Isaacs, Ariel, Watterson, Daniel, Young, Paul R., Marsh, Glenn A., Bailey, Dalan, Graham, Simon P. and Donofrio, Gaetano (2020). Bovine herpesvirus-4-vectored delivery of nipah virus glycoproteins enhances T cell immunogenicity in pigs. Vaccines, 8 (1) 115, 115. doi: 10.3390/vaccines8010115

Analysis of phylogenetic diversity and in vitro adherence characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus and Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolates obtained during pediatric respiratory co-infections

Brealey, Jaelle C., Sly, Peter D., Young, Paul R. and Chappell, Keith J. (2019). Analysis of phylogenetic diversity and in vitro adherence characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus and Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolates obtained during pediatric respiratory co-infections. Microbiology, 166 (1) 000870, 63-72. doi: 10.1099/mic.0.000870

The piRNA response to retroviral invasion of the koala genome

Yu, Tianxiong, Koppetsch, Birgit S, Pagliarani, Sara, Johnston, Stephen, Silverstein, Noah J, Luban, Jeremy, Chappell, Keith, Weng, Zhiping and Theurkauf, William E (2019). The piRNA response to retroviral invasion of the koala genome. Cell, 179 (3), 632-643.e12. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.09.002

An Improved and High Throughput Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Micro-neutralization Assay

Do, Lien Anh Ha, Tse, Reuben, Nathanielsz, Jordan, Anderson, Jeremy, Ong, Darren Suryawijaya, Chappell, Keith, Mulholland, Kim and Licciardi, Paul V. (2019). An Improved and High Throughput Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Micro-neutralization Assay. Journal of Visualized Experiments : JoVE, 2019 (143) e59025. doi: 10.3791/59025

Pathogenesis, humoral immune responses and transmission between co-housed animals in a ferret model of human RSV infection

Chan, Kok Fei, Carolan, Louise A., Druce, Julian, Chappell, Keith, Watterson, Daniel, Young, Paul, Korenkov, Daniil, Subbarao, Kanta, Barr, Ian G., Laurie, Karen L. and Reading, Patrick C. (2018). Pathogenesis, humoral immune responses and transmission between co-housed animals in a ferret model of human RSV infection. Journal of Virology, 92 (4) e01322-17, 1-17. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01322-17

Streptococcus pneumoniae colonization of the nasopharynx is associated with increased severity during respiratory syncytial virus infection in young children

Brealey, Jaelle C., Chappell, Keith J., Galbraith, Sally, Fantino, Emmanuelle, Gaydon, Jane, Tozer, Sarah, Young, Paul R., Holt, Patrick G. and Sly, Peter D. (2018). Streptococcus pneumoniae colonization of the nasopharynx is associated with increased severity during respiratory syncytial virus infection in young children. Respirology, 23 (2), 220-227. doi: 10.1111/resp.13179

The heptad repeat C domain of the respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein plays a key role in membrane fusion

Bermingham, Imogen M., Chappell, Keith J., Watterson, Daniel and Young, Paul R. (2018). The heptad repeat C domain of the respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein plays a key role in membrane fusion. Journal of Virology, 92 (4) e01323-17, 1-14. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01323-17

Induction of high titred, non-neutralising antibodies by self-adjuvanting peptide epitopes derived from the respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein

Jaberolansar, Noushin, Chappell, Keith J., Watterson, Daniel, Bermingham, Imogen M., Toth, Istvan, Young, Paul R. and Skwarczynski, Mariusz (2017). Induction of high titred, non-neutralising antibodies by self-adjuvanting peptide epitopes derived from the respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein. Scientific Reports, 7 (1) 11130, 11130. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-10415-w

Successful post-exposure prophylaxis of Ebola infected non-human primates using Ebola glycoprotein-specific equine IgG

Pyankov, Oleg V., Setoh, Yin Xiang, Bodnev, Sergey A., Edmonds, Judith H., Pyankova, Olga G., Pyankov, Stepan A., Pali, Gabor, Belford, Shane, Lu, Louis, La, Mylinh, Lovrecz, George, Volchkova, Valentina A., Chappell, Keith J., Watterson, Daniel, Marsh, Glenn, Young, Paul R., Agafonov, Alexander A., Farmer, Jillann F., Volchkov, Victor E., Suhrbier, Andreas and Khromykh, Alexander A. (2017). Successful post-exposure prophylaxis of Ebola infected non-human primates using Ebola glycoprotein-specific equine IgG. Scientific Reports, 7 (1) 41537, 41537. doi: 10.1038/srep41537

Fighting Ebola: a window for vaccine re-evaluation?

Chappell, Keith J. and Watterson, Daniel (2017). Fighting Ebola: a window for vaccine re-evaluation?. PLoS Pathogens, 13 (1) e1006037, e1006037. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006037

Product release is rate-limiting for catalytic processing by the Dengue virus protease

Shannon, A. E., Pedroso, M. M., Chappell, K. J., Watterson, D., Liebscher, S., Kok, W. M., Fairlie, D. P., Schenk, G. and Young, P. R. (2016). Product release is rate-limiting for catalytic processing by the Dengue virus protease. Scientific Reports, 6 (1) 37539, 37539. doi: 10.1038/srep37539

Phylogenetic diversity of koala retrovirus within a wild koala population

Chappell, K. J., Brealey, J. C., Amarilla, A. A., Watterson, D., Hulse, L., Palmieri, C., Johnston, S. D., Holmes, E. C., Meers, J. and Young, P. (2016). Phylogenetic diversity of koala retrovirus within a wild koala population. Journal of Virology, 91 (3) e01820-16, 363-374. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01820-16

Proteoform-specific insights into cellular proteome regulation

Norris, Emma L., Headlam, Madeleine J., Dave, Keyur A., Smith, David D., Bukreyev, Alexander, Singh, Toshna, Jayakody, Buddhika A., Chappell, Keith J., Collins, Peter L. and Gorman, Jeffrey J. (2016). Proteoform-specific insights into cellular proteome regulation. Molecular and Cellular Proteomics, 15 (10), 3297-3320. doi: 10.1074/mcp.O116.058438

Viral pathogen vaccines

Young, Paul, Chappell, Keith and Watterson, Dan (2016). Viral pathogen vaccines. Australasian Biotechnology, 26 (3), 35-35.

Induction of interferon and cell death in response to cytosolic DNA in chicken macrophages

Vitak, Nazarii, Hume, David A., Chappell, Keith J., Sester, David P. and Stacey, Katryn J. (2016). Induction of interferon and cell death in response to cytosolic DNA in chicken macrophages. Developmental and Comparative Immunology, 59, 145-152. doi: 10.1016/j.dci.2016.01.023

A generic screening platform for inhibitors of virus induced cell fusion using cellular electrical impedance

Watterson, Daniel, Robinson, Jodie, Chappell, Keith J., Butler, Mark S., Edwards, David J., Fry, Scott R., Bermingham, Imogen M., Cooper, Matthew A. and Young, Paul R. (2016). A generic screening platform for inhibitors of virus induced cell fusion using cellular electrical impedance. Scientific Reports, 6 (22791) 22791, 1-9. doi: 10.1038/srep22791

Simultaneous uncoupled expression and purification of the Dengue virus NS3 protease and NS2B co-factor domain.

Shannon, A. E, Chappell, K. J., Stoermer, M. J., Chow, S. Y., Kok, W. M., Fairlie, D. P. and Young, P. R. (2015). Simultaneous uncoupled expression and purification of the Dengue virus NS3 protease and NS2B co-factor domain.. Protein Expression and Purification, 119, 124-129. doi: 10.1016/j.pep.2015.11.022

Viral bacterial co-infection of the respiratory tract during early childhood

Brealey, Jaelle C., Sly, Peter D., Young, Paul R. and Chappell, Keith J. (2015). Viral bacterial co-infection of the respiratory tract during early childhood. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 362 (10) fnv062. doi: 10.1093/femsle/fnv062

Respiratory syncytial virus infection is associated with increased bacterial load in the upper respiratory tract in young children

Chappell, K.J., Brealey, J.C., Mackay, I.M., Bletchly, C., Hugenholtz, P., Sloots, T.P., Sly, P.D. and Young, P.R. (2013). Respiratory syncytial virus infection is associated with increased bacterial load in the upper respiratory tract in young children. Journal of Medical Microbiology & Diagnosis, S (1), 1-9. doi: 10.4172/2161-0703.S1-005

Neutralizing antibodies against the preactive form of respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein offer unique possibilities for clinical intervention

Magro, Margarita, Mas, Vicente, Chappell, Keith, Vázquez, Mónica, Cano, Olga, Luque, Daniel, Terrón, María C., Melero, José A. and Palomo, Concepción (2012). Neutralizing antibodies against the preactive form of respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein offer unique possibilities for clinical intervention. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of USA, 109 (8), 3089-3094. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1115941109

Structure of West Nile virus NS3 protease: Ligand stabilization of the catalytic conformation

Robin, Gautier, Chappell, Keith, Stoermer, Martin J., Hu, Shu-Hong, Young, Paul R., Fairlie, David P. and Martin, Jennifer L. (2009). Structure of West Nile virus NS3 protease: Ligand stabilization of the catalytic conformation. Journal of Molecular Biology, 385 (5), 1568-1577. doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2008.11.026

West Nile Virus NS2B/NS3 protease as an antiviral target

Chappell, K. J., Stoermer, M. J., Fairlie, D. P. and Young, P. R. (2008). West Nile Virus NS2B/NS3 protease as an antiviral target. Current Medicinal Chemistry, 15 (27), 2771-2784. doi: 10.2174/092986708786242804

Potent cationic inhibitors of West Nile Virus NS2B/NS3 protease with serum stability, cell permeability and antiviral activity

Stoermer, Martin J., Chappell, Keith J., Liebscher, Susann, Jensen, Christina M., Gan, Chun H., Gupta, Praveer K., Xu, Wei-Jun, Young, Paul R. and Fairlie, David P. (2008). Potent cationic inhibitors of West Nile Virus NS2B/NS3 protease with serum stability, cell permeability and antiviral activity. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 51 (18), 5714-5721. doi: 10.1021/jm800503y

Mutagenesis of the West Nile virus NS2B cofactor domain reveals two regions essential for protease activity

Chappell, Keith J., Stoermer, Martin J., Fairlie, David P. and Young, Paul R. (2008). Mutagenesis of the West Nile virus NS2B cofactor domain reveals two regions essential for protease activity. Journal of General Virology, 89 (4), 1010-1014. doi: 10.1099/vir.0.83447-0

A dual-purpose synthetic colloidal platform for protease mapping: substrate profiling for Dengue and West Nile virus proteases

Marcon, L., Kozak, D., Battersby, B.J., Chappell, K., Fairlie, D., Young, P.R. and Trau, M. (2008). A dual-purpose synthetic colloidal platform for protease mapping: substrate profiling for Dengue and West Nile virus proteases. Analytical Biochemistry, 2008 (376), 151-153. doi: 10.1016/j.ab.2008.01.034

Generation and characterization of proteolytically active and highly stable truncated and full-length recombinant West Nile virus NS3

Chappell, K. J., Stoermer, M. J., Fairlie, D. P. and Young, P. R. (2007). Generation and characterization of proteolytically active and highly stable truncated and full-length recombinant West Nile virus NS3. Protein Expression and Purification, 53 (1), 87-96. doi: 10.1016/j.pep.2006.10.022

Insights to substrate binding and processing by West Nile Virus NS3 protease through combined modeling, protease mutagenesis, and kinetic studies

Chappell, K. J., Stoermer, M. J., Fairlie, D. P. and Young, P. R. (2006). Insights to substrate binding and processing by West Nile Virus NS3 protease through combined modeling, protease mutagenesis, and kinetic studies. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 281 (50), 38448-38458. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M607641200

Site-directed mutagenesis and kinetic studies of the West Nile virus NS3 protease identify key enzyme-substrate interactions

Chappell, Keith J., Nall, Tessa A., Stoermer, Martin J., Fang, Ning-Xia, Tyndall, Joel D. A., Fairlie, David P. and Young, Paul R. (2005). Site-directed mutagenesis and kinetic studies of the West Nile virus NS3 protease identify key enzyme-substrate interactions. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 280 (4), 2896-2903. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M409931200

Enzymatic characterization and homology model of a catalytically active recombinant West Nile virus NS3 protease

Nall, T. A., Chappell, K. J., Stoermer, M. J., Fang, N. X., Tyndall, J. D. A., Young, P. R. and Fairlie, D. P. (2004). Enzymatic characterization and homology model of a catalytically active recombinant West Nile virus NS3 protease. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 279 (47), 48535-48542. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M406810200

Novel inhibitors of DENV NS2B/NS3pro protease

Chow, Shiao Yun, Stoermer, Martin J., Chappell, Keith J., Young, Paul R. and Fairlie, David P. (2013). Novel inhibitors of DENV NS2B/NS3pro protease. 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS), Indianapolis in, Sep 08-12, 2013. WASHINGTON: AMER CHEMICAL SOC.

Potent inhibitors of West Nile Virus NS2B/NS3 protease

Chappell, K. J., Fairlie, D. P., Gan, C. H., Gupta, P. K., Hu, S., Jensen, C. M., Liebscher, S., Martin, J. L., Robin, G., Stoermer M. J., Xu, W. and Young, P. R. (2010). Potent inhibitors of West Nile Virus NS2B/NS3 protease. 6th General Meeting of the International Proteolysis Society, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia, 26-30 October 2009. Berlin, Germany: Walter De Gruyter.

Sneaking up on West Nile Virus NS2B/NS3 protease subcellular activity utilising dye-quenched substrates

Liebscher, Susan, Chappell, K. J., Stoermer, Martin J., Watterson, Daniel, Webb, Richard I., Khromykh, Alexander A., Fairlie, David P. and Young, Paul R. (2010). Sneaking up on West Nile Virus NS2B/NS3 protease subcellular activity utilising dye-quenched substrates. PlusStrand 2010: The Ninth International Symposium on Positive-Strand RNA Viruses, Atlanta, GA, U.S.A., 17-21 May 2010.

Antiviral activity in cell culture of potent inhibitors targeting the West Nile Virus NS2B/NS3 protease

Liebscher, S., Chappell, K.J., Stoermer, M.J., Fairlie, D.P. and Young, P.R (2009). Antiviral activity in cell culture of potent inhibitors targeting the West Nile Virus NS2B/NS3 protease. 6th General Meeting of the International Proteolysis Society, Gold Coast , QLD, Australia, 26-30 October, 2009.

Investigation of the West Nile virus NS3 protease by tandem use of site-directed mutagenesis and substrate modification

Chappell, K. J., Stoermer, M J, Fairlie, D and Young, P R (2006). Investigation of the West Nile virus NS3 protease by tandem use of site-directed mutagenesis and substrate modification. Australian Society for Microbiology Annual Scientific Meeting, Gold Coast, Qld, 2-6 July, 2006.

Multiple targets for antiviral inhibitors

Young, P. R., Chappell, K. J., Stoermer, M. J., Fairlie, D., Kampmann, T. and Kobe, B. (2006). Multiple targets for antiviral inhibitors. 7th Asia Pacific Congress of Virology, New Delhi, 13-15 Nov, 2006.

Development of a catalytically active recombinant West Nile NS3 protease and the identification of key enzyme-substrate interactions by site-directed mutagenesis

Chappell, K. J., Stoermer, M. J., Fairlie, D. and Young, P. R. (2005). Development of a catalytically active recombinant West Nile NS3 protease and the identification of key enzyme-substrate interactions by site-directed mutagenesis. International Congress of Virology, San Francisco, 23-27 July, 2005.

Development of a catalytically active recombinant West Nile NS3 protease and the identification of key enzyme-substrate interactions by site-directed mutagenesis

Chappell, K. J., Stoermer, M. J., Fairlie, D. and Young, P. R. (2005). Development of a catalytically active recombinant West Nile NS3 protease and the identification of key enzyme-substrate interactions by site-directed mutagenesis. 30th Lorne Conference on Protein Structure & Function, Lorne, 6-10 Feb, 2005.

Development of a catalytically active recombinant West Nile virus NS3 protease and the identification of key enzyme-substrate and enzyme-cofactor interactions by site-directed mutagenesis

Chappell, K. J., Stoermer, M. J., Fairlie, D. and Young, P. R. (2005). Development of a catalytically active recombinant West Nile virus NS3 protease and the identification of key enzyme-substrate and enzyme-cofactor interactions by site-directed mutagenesis. 3rd Australian Virology Group Meeting, Phillip Island, Vic., 9-12 Dec, 2005.

Structure-function relationships of the West Nile Virus protease NS3 and its cofactor NS2B

Chappell, Keith Joseph (2007). Structure-function relationships of the West Nile Virus protease NS3 and its cofactor NS2B. PhD Thesis, School of Molecular and Microbial Sciences, University of Queensland.